Day of the Prince

What Is Day of the Prince?

The Day of the Prince, officially known as the Fête du Prince or Monaco National Day, is an annual public holiday observed in the Principality of Monaco. It takes place on 19 November each year, commemorating the reigning Prince of Monaco. This day is a significant marker of national identity and unity for the Monégasque people.

The holiday is characterised by a series of official events, religious observances, and public celebrations across the small sovereign state. It provides an opportunity for residents to acknowledge their cultural heritage and express their loyalty to the Princely family. As a public holiday, most government offices, schools, and many businesses close for the day.

History and Origins of Day of the Prince

The tradition of observing a national day linked to the sovereign of Monaco dates back several centuries. Historically, the date of the national holiday was determined by the reigning Prince, often selected to coincide with the feast day of their patron saint. This practice created a mutable national day, changing with each new ruler.

For example, during the reign of Prince Honoré II in the 17th century, the feast of Saint Honoré was observed. Later, during the era of Prince Charles III, the national holiday was celebrated on 4 November, the feast day of Saint Charles. The current fixed date of 19 November was established by Prince Rainier III, whose patron saint was Saint Rainier. Upon his accession, his son, the current sovereign Prince Albert II, chose to maintain this date as a tribute to his father and to provide continuity for the nation.

How Day of the Prince Is Celebrated

Celebrations for the Day of the Prince are meticulously organised and blend official protocol with popular festivities. The day typically commences with a “Te Deum” mass at the Cathédrale de Monaco, attended by the Princely family, government officials, and foreign dignitaries. This religious service is a solemn act of thanksgiving.

Following the mass, a significant military parade takes place in the Palace Square, featuring detachments from the Carabiniers du Prince (Prince’s Carabinieri Corps), firefighters, and other public services. Medals are often awarded during a special ceremony. The Princely family then traditionally appears on the palace balcony, waving to the crowds gathered below. In the evening, the principality often hosts various cultural events, including concerts, and the celebrations typically culminate in a grand fireworks display over Port Hercules. The Monégasque flag, with its distinctive red and white colours, is prominently displayed throughout the principality.

When Is Day of the Prince?

The Day of the Prince is celebrated annually on 19 November. This date is fixed and does not change from year to year. The Principality of Monaco operates using the Gregorian calendar, making the observance of this holiday straightforward and consistent.

As previously noted, the specific date of the national day was historically variable, depending on the reigning Prince’s choice, often aligning with their patron saint’s day. However, Prince Rainier III’s decision to choose 19 November, the feast day of Saint Rainier, and Prince Albert II’s subsequent retention of this date, established a permanent observance. This consistency provides a stable fixture in Monaco’s annual calendar.

Day of the Prince Key Facts