What Is Liberation and Resistance Holiday?
The Liberation and Resistance Holiday is an annual observance in Lebanon, commemorating a pivotal moment in the nation’s contemporary history. It marks the day, 25 May 2000, when Israeli forces completed their withdrawal from Southern Lebanon. This event brought an end to an occupation that had persisted for 22 years, beginning with the 1978 Israeli invasion.
This day is officially recognised as a public holiday throughout Lebanon. It serves as a time for national reflection on the struggle for sovereignty and the sacrifices made during the period of occupation. Observances typically include official ceremonies and public gatherings designed to honour resistance efforts.
History and Origins of Liberation and Resistance Holiday
The history of the Liberation and Resistance Holiday is rooted in the protracted conflict between Israel and Lebanon. In 1978, Israel launched Operation Litani, invading Southern Lebanon with the stated aim of pushing Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO) forces away from its northern border. Although Israel withdrew partially after UN Security Council Resolution 425, it maintained a presence in a self-declared “security zone” along the border, which was administered by its proxy, the South Lebanon Army (SLA).
For over two decades, this occupation led to continuous armed resistance from various Lebanese factions. This period was marked by significant political instability, regional conflict, and human cost. By the late 1990s, increasing pressure from the resistance movements and international opinion led to a unilateral decision by Israel to withdraw. The final withdrawal occurred on 25 May 2000, leading to the collapse of the SLA and the effective end of the occupation.
How Liberation and Resistance Holiday Is Celebrated
In Lebanon, the Liberation and Resistance Holiday is primarily observed through official government ceremonies and public acknowledgements. As a national public holiday, schools, banks, and most businesses are closed, allowing citizens to participate in or reflect on the day’s significance.
Official events often include wreath-laying ceremonies at monuments dedicated to resistance fighters and victims of the conflict. Political and religious leaders deliver speeches emphasising themes of national unity, sovereignty, and remembrance of those who contributed to the liberation. Educational institutions and media outlets may feature programmes or discussions that recount the history of the occupation and the resistance movement.
When Is Liberation and Resistance Holiday?
The Liberation and Resistance Holiday is consistently observed on 25 May each year. This fixed date corresponds directly to the day in 2000 when Israeli forces completed their withdrawal from Southern Lebanon. The holiday follows the Gregorian calendar system.
Liberation and Resistance Holiday Key Facts
| Fact | Detail |
|---|---|
| Type | Public Holiday |
| Date | 25 May (fixed) |
| Countries | 1 (Lebanon) |
| Also known as | Liberation Day, Resistance Day |
| Calendar system | Gregorian |
Frequently Asked Questions
What does Liberation and Resistance Holiday commemorate?
The Liberation and Resistance Holiday commemorates the withdrawal of Israeli forces from Southern Lebanon on 25 May 2000. This event marked the end of an occupation that had lasted for 22 years.
Is Liberation and Resistance Holiday a public holiday in Lebanon?
Yes, Liberation and Resistance Holiday is recognised as a national public holiday in Lebanon. This means that government offices, schools, and most businesses are closed on this day.
When is Liberation and Resistance Holiday observed?
The Liberation and Resistance Holiday is observed annually on a fixed date, 25 May, according to the Gregorian calendar.