Third Day of the Festival of Breaking the Fast

What Is the Third Day of the Festival of Breaking the Fast?

The Third Day of the Festival of Breaking the Fast, more commonly known as the third day of Eid al-Fitr, is an integral part of the three-day observance that concludes the Islamic holy month of Ramadan. Eid al-Fitr signifies the successful completion of the month-long fast and is a time of joy, gratitude, and community bonding. While the initial days typically involve specific prayers and immediate family gatherings, the third day often continues these celebrations, extending the period of feasting and social interaction.

This day is widely observed across Muslim communities globally, serving as a continuation of the festivities that began on the first day of Eid. It permits individuals to visit extended family and friends, participate in larger community events, and travel, solidifying communal and familial ties. In many of the 18 countries where it is recognised, including nations in the Middle East, North Africa, and Southeast Asia, it is often designated as a public holiday.

History and Origins of the Third Day of the Festival of Breaking the Fast

The origins of Eid al-Fitr, and by extension its three-day celebration, are rooted in early Islamic history. The festival was instituted by the Prophet Muhammad in 624 CE, following the Battle of Badr, to mark the end of the fasting month of Ramadan. The term “Eid al-Fitr” translates to “Festival of Breaking the Fast,” symbolising a return to normal eating patterns after a month of spiritual discipline.

While Islamic tradition prescribes special prayers and communal gatherings for the first day of Eid, the extension of the celebration into a two- or three-day period developed culturally over centuries. This duration allows for the widespread sharing of joy, acts of charity, and the strengthening of social bonds that are central to the spirit of Eid. The third day, therefore, represents the continuation and culmination of these deeply ingrained cultural practices within Islamic societies.

The institutionalisation of Eid al-Fitr as a multi-day holiday in numerous countries reflects both religious observance and cultural heritage. It provides ample opportunity for extensive family reunions, community feasts, and public festivities, ensuring that the message of gratitude and communal solidarity is thoroughly disseminated throughout society.

How the Third Day of the Festival of Breaking the Fast Is Celebrated

The celebration of the Third Day of the Festival of Breaking the Fast typically continues the themes established on the first two days: family visits, festive meals, and charitable giving. However, it often involves broader social engagements beyond immediate family. Many people use this day to visit more distant relatives, friends, and neighbours, or to host larger gatherings.

Middle East and North Africa (e.g., UAE, Egypt, Libya, Kuwait, Bahrain, Iraq)

In countries like the United Arab Emirates, Egypt, and Kuwait, the third day of Eid al-Fitr sees continued large family gatherings where elaborate meals are served. Traditional dishes, often specific to the region or even individual families, are prepared and shared. Children continue to receive “Eidiya” (money or gifts) from elders. Public spaces, such as parks and shopping centres, remain vibrant with families enjoying leisure activities. In some areas, the third day might be used for longer excursions or travel to visit relatives in other cities or towns. It is a day for reinforcing social connections and enjoying communal leisure.

South Asia (e.g., Afghanistan, Bangladesh)

In Afghanistan and Bangladesh, the third day of Eid al-Fitr maintains a strong focus on community. People continue to visit each other’s homes, offering greetings and sharing sweet dishes. In rural areas, community fairs and traditional games may be organised, fostering a sense of collective celebration. Charitable acts, though often completed before or on the first day, may also continue in the form of aid distribution to those in need. The focus remains on extending goodwill and ensuring everyone partakes in the festive mood.

Southeast Asia (e.g., Indonesia, Brunei)

Indonesia and Brunei celebrate the third day of Hari Raya Aidilfitri, as Eid al-Fitr is known there, with sustained vigour. The tradition of “Halal bi Halal,” an occasion for mutual forgiveness and asking for blessings, often continues. Open houses (‘Rumah Terbuka’) are common, where people welcome guests regardless of their background, offering a wide array of traditional foods. In Brunei, it’s common for members of the public to visit the Istana Nurul Iman (the Sultan’s palace) to greet the Sultan and receive gifts. This day often involves more casual socialising and larger community events than the more formal initial observances.

When Is the Third Day of the Festival of Breaking the Fast?

The Third Day of the Festival of Breaking the Fast is part of Eid al-Fitr, which is determined by the Islamic lunar calendar. This calendar follows the phases of the moon, meaning each month begins with the sighting of the new crescent moon. Consequently, the dates for Eid al-Fitr, and thus its third day, vary each year when compared to the Gregorian solar calendar.

The first day of Eid al-Fitr typically falls on the 1st of Shawwal, the tenth month of the Islamic calendar, immediately following Ramadan (the ninth month). Therefore, the Third Day of the Festival of Breaking the Fast occurs on the 3rd of Shawwal. Due to the Islamic calendar being approximately 10 to 11 days shorter than the Gregorian calendar, the date of Eid al-Fitr shifts earlier each Gregorian year. This means the holiday can fall in any season over a cycle of about 33 years. The exact start of Shawwal, and thus Eid, can also vary by a day or two between different countries or Islamic scholarly bodies, depending on the local sighting of the moon.

Third Day of the Festival of Breaking the Fast Key Facts