Day after Diwali

What Is Day after Diwali?

The Day after Diwali refers to the collection of observances that immediately follow the primary Lakshmi Puja celebrations of Diwali, the Hindu festival of lights. Rather than being a single, universally named holiday, it encompasses several distinct traditions that vary by region and community. The most prominent observances include Govardhan Puja and Balipratipada (also known as Bali Padyami).

This day marks different cultural and religious narratives, signifying protection, prosperity, and the triumph of righteousness. It serves as a continuation of the festive spirit, often involving community gatherings, special meals, and specific rituals dedicated to various deities or mythological events. The observances on this day underscore the diverse tapestry of Hindu traditions across India.

History and Origins of Day after Diwali

The traditions observed on the Day after Diwali are rooted in ancient Hindu scriptures and mythology, each carrying its own historical narrative.

History of Govardhan Puja

Govardhan Puja primarily commemorates the mythological event where Krishna, as a young boy, lifted the Govardhan Hill. According to the Bhagavata Purana, he did this to shield the villagers of Vrindavan from the torrential rains brought upon them by the deity Indra, who was angered by their shift in devotion from himself to Krishna. This event symbolises the importance of collective action, devotion to nature, and Krishna’s role as a protector. The tradition reflects the agricultural society’s dependence on and gratitude towards cattle and the natural environment.

History of Balipratipada

Balipratipada, or Bali Padyami, recounts the tale of Lord Vishnu’s Vamana avatar (dwarf incarnation) and his victory over the benevolent but ambitious demon king Bali. King Bali, through his austerities, had gained immense power and dominion over the three worlds. Vishnu, disguised as a dwarf Brahmin, approached Bali during a Yajna (fire sacrifice) and requested three paces of land. Bali agreed, despite his guru’s warnings. Vamana then expanded to a colossal size, covering the earth with his first step and the heavens with his second. For the third step, Bali humbly offered his head. Vishnu pushed Bali to Patala (the netherworld) but, pleased with Bali’s devotion and generosity, granted him the boon of returning to earth once a year, which is celebrated as Balipratipada. This day symbolises the triumph of humility, righteousness, and the cyclical nature of power.

How Day after Diwali Is Celebrated

The observances on the Day after Diwali are diverse, reflecting regional specificities within India. Each celebration carries unique customs and cultural significance.

Govardhan Puja Celebrations

In North India, particularly in states like Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan, the day is widely known as Govardhan Puja. Devotees construct miniature effigies of Govardhan Hill using cow dung, adorned with flowers, intricate designs, and food offerings. This symbolic hill is then worshipped, commemorating Krishna’s feat. People also express gratitude towards cattle, which are decorated and fed, in recognition of their vital role in agricultural societies. A significant ritual involves preparing “Annakut” (a mountain of food), where a large variety of vegetarian dishes are prepared and offered to Krishna, later distributed among the community. This day often involves community feasting and social gatherings.

Balipratipada Celebrations

In Western and Southern India, including states like Maharashtra, Gujarat, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu, the day is observed as Balipratipada or Bali Padyami. This observance focuses on the mythological return of King Bali. People celebrate the occasion by exchanging gifts, visiting temples, and performing specific pujas (worship rituals). In some regions, women perform aarti (a ritual of light) for their husbands and family members, symbolising well-being and prosperity. Business communities, particularly in Gujarat, often mark this day as the beginning of the new financial year, conducting special prayers and opening new account books (Chopda Pujan).

When Is Day after Diwali?

The Day after Diwali does not have a fixed date on the Gregorian calendar, as its timing is determined by the Hindu lunisolar calendar. It typically falls on the first day of the bright fortnight (Shukla Paksha Pratipada) of the Hindu month of Kartika. This places it immediately following the main Lakshmi Puja day of Diwali.

Due to the variations in the lunisolar calendar, the Day after Diwali usually occurs in either late October or early November each year. The exact date can shift annually, requiring reference to a Hindu calendar for precise timings. For example, if Diwali’s Lakshmi Puja falls on a Tuesday, the Day after Diwali would be observed on the Wednesday.

Day after Diwali Key Facts